sunspot numbers

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• Sunspot — A sunspot is a region on the Sun s surface (photosphere) that is marked by intense magnetic activity, which inhibits convection, forming areas of reduced surface temperature. They can be visible from Earth without the aid of a telescope. Although …   Wikipedia

• Numbers station — Fictional example of a numbers station. Numbers stations (or number stations) are shortwave radio stations of uncertain origin. In the 1950s, Time magazine reported that the numbers stations first appeared shortly after World War II and were… …   Wikipedia

• sunspot cycle — noun or sunspot period : the time between maxima in the varying numbers of sunspots averaging about 11 years but sometimes being many years shorter or longer * * * Astron. the cycle, averaging in duration slightly more than 11 years, in which the …   Useful english dictionary

• Maunder Minimum — The Maunder minimum in a 400 year history of sunspot numbers The Maunder Minimum (also known as the prolonged sunspot minimum) is the name used for the period roughly spanning 1645 to 1715 when sunspots became exceedingly rare, as noted by solar… …   Wikipedia

• Solar variation — Solar variations are changes in the amount of solar radiation emitted by the Sun. There are periodic components to these variations, the principal one being the 11 year solar cycle (or sunspot cycle), as well as aperiodic fluctuations. Solar… …   Wikipedia

• Wolf number — The Wolf number (also known as the International sunspot number, relative sunspot number, or Zürich number) is a quantity which measures the number of sunspots and groups of sunspots present on the surface of the sun.The idea of computing sunspot …   Wikipedia

• Udny Yule — George Udny Yule (February 18, 1871 ndash; June 26, 1951) was usually known as Udny Yule, and was a Scottish statistician, born at Beech Hill near Haddington, Scotland and died in Cambridge, England.His father, also George Udny Yule, and a nephew …   Wikipedia

• solar cycle — Astron. the variation of sunspots, prominences, flares, and other solar activity through an 11 year cycle. Also called solar activity cycle. Cf. sunspot cycle. * * * Period in which several important kinds of solar activity repeat, discovered in… …   Universalium

• Global warming controversy — refers to a variety of disputes, significantly more pronounced in the popular media than in the scientific literature,[1][2] regarding the nature, causes, and consequences of global warming. The disputed issues involve the causes of increased… …   Wikipedia

• Dalton Minimum — The Dalton minimum in the 400 year history of sunspot numbers The Dalton Minimum was a period of low solar activity, named after the English meteorologist John Dalton, lasting from about 1790 to 1830.[1] Like the Maunder Minimum and Spörer… …   Wikipedia

• Wolf, Rudolf — ▪ Swiss astronomer in full  Johann Rudolf Wolf   born July 7, 1816, Fällenden, near Zürich, Switz. died Dec. 6, 1893, Zürich       Swiss astronomer and astronomical historian.       Wolf studied at the universities of Zürich, Vienna, and Berlin… …   Universalium